Константинова О.В.

Introduction. The lithogenesis of calcium oxalate stones largely depends on specific metabolic disturbances, which develop under the influence of various endogenous, exogenous, and social factors. To prevent recurrence of the disease, according to the Russian Ministry of Health's clinical guidelines for «Urolithiasis», it is necessary to focus on the levels of lithogenic substances in the blood and daily urine. However, these standard values considered without taking into account their potential to cause the development of urinary stones of a specific chemical composition. Determining such laboratory criteria may help clinicians more reliably prevent the development of urolithiasis.

Introduction. In the structure of urolithiasis, the predominant number of patients have stones consisting of calcium oxalate. These stones have a dense structure that is not amenable to litholysis and grows quickly. At the moment, there are no medications that can non-invasively relieve patients of this type of stones. In this connection, the main methods of treatment, depending on the size of the stones, are either lithokinetic therapy or surgical treatment.

Introduction. Today, ultrasound examination (ultrasound), due to a number of advantages over other diagnostic methods (low cost, lack of ionizing radiation, the ability to perform without restrictions on age, gender, body weight, the presence of metal objects, etc.), is widely implemented in clinical practice. However, the accuracy in detecting urinary stones in the gray-scale mode varies from 33 to 95% and depends on the experience of the specialist performing the study and the quality of the ultrasound apparatus.

Introduction. We will try to show the place of acid-base balance (ABB) study in urolithiasis patients. There is the second article in a series of works devoted to the study of ABB in urolithiasis patients. This work is devoted to the study of the level of basic acid base indicators: blood pH, pCO2, pO2, BE.

Introduction. Metaphylaxis of urolithiasis is an important link in the effectiveness of treatment of patients suffering from urolithiasis. However, this direction in the Russian Federation has not become widespread and is implemented, as a rule, only in large medical centers. To identify the reasons for this, an assessment of the existing regulatory framework for the possibility of urolithiasis metaphylaxis in state institutions of the Russian Federation was carried out

Introduction. Low adherence treatment is one of the reasons for the failure of the treatment of chronic diseases, including urolithiasis. The main efforts to increase patients' adherence to treatment should be aimed at acquiring knowledge about possible complications and prognosis of the course of the disease, as well as about the main methods of diagnosis and treatment. However, there is currently no tool to comprehensively assess the initial level of knowledge in these matters and thereby determine the level of adherence to the treatment of urolithiasis.

Introduction. Various forms of urolithiasis are associated with a number of disorders and diseases in the pathogenesis of which lipid metabolism plays a significant role.

Objective. To determine the stereotype of consumption of fats, saturated fatty acids and cholesterol by patients with calcium and non-calcium urolithiasis.

Introduction. Urolithiasis is one of the most common urological diseases. One of the risk factors for the development and frequent recurrence of urolithiasis is primary hyperparathyroidism. Urolithiasis of hyperparathyroid etiology has a severe course: rapid stone growth is noted, as a rule, this is a bilateral process that requires repeated surgical intervention. Untimely diagnosis of this disease can lead to late surgical treatment and the development of severe and irreversible complications in patients.

Introduction. Prevention of relapse of calcium-oxalate urolithiasis is challenging. Diet as the first stage of prevention does not always allow to achieve remission. Herbal preparations are widely used as alternative treatment. One of these drugs is Oxalit – a biologically active complex.

Purpose. The evaluation of the impact of the «Oxalit» complex on metabolic parameters in patients with urolithiasis, and the determination of the possibilities of its use in the treatment of patients with calcium-oxalate urolithiasis.

Introduction. Recently, a completely new concept of health care – «Medicine 4P» – has become increasingly widespread. Its name is derived from four fundamental principles: personalization of predictii, of prevention and of participatively. «Medicine 4P» is a format based on an individual approach to each patient, the purpose of which is the preclinical detection of diseases and their risk factors, as well as the devel-opment of a set of preventive measures.